402 Fundamentals Exam 1 Practice

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• Which model explains the interaction among an external agent, a susceptible host, and the environment as causes of disease?
• Which action is a patient right to their health information?
• The time between exposure and first signs of disease is called
• Which term best describes the aim of nursing care across a recovery continuum from disease detection to rehabilitation and teaching during recovery?
• The body transfers heat to an ice pack, causing the ice to melt. This illustrates which heat transfer mechanism?
• Which statement accurately describes collaborative interventions?
• Who was the first African American professional nurse?
• Which term describes diffusion: exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and circulating blood?
• In Kolcaba's Comfort Theory, which of the following is NOT a form of comfort?
• Standard precautions require which practice?
• Which is the most basic level in Maslow's hierarchy?
• Which fever pattern returns to normal at least once every 24 hours?
• Which concept captures and records the uniqueness of the patient and includes reason for seeking care, usual health habits, cultural considerations, medications and allergies, psychological history, and personal resources?
• Which data category is NOT collected in the Body System Model?
• Which heat transfer mechanism occurs through direct contact between objects?
• Which term describes a framework that defines specific nursing interventions to achieve patient goals, predict outcomes, and guide practice?
• The Health Belief Model is associated with which researcher?
• Which principle is central to charting by exception?
• Which is the smallest of all microorganisms?
• Which term best describes a documented, standardized approach to patient care that guides actions in a consistent way?
• Which term describes observable and measurable data that can be seen, heard, or felt by someone other than the person experiencing them?
• What term describes the process that uses observable and verifiable information collected in a systematic manner to describe, explain, or predict events?
• To evaluate functional/quality of life outcomes, what approach is used?
• What was a major factor in the growth of nursing as a professional discipline in the 20th century?
• Which term describes the aim of returning a patient to health after illness?
• Which of the following is a characteristic of effective documentation?
• Which data pattern focuses on personal beliefs and values that influence health decisions?
• Which item is NOT listed as a common concept in nursing theories?
• Someone who is infected by a disease but shows no signs or symptoms is called a
• Which type of outcome describes the patient's execution of physical tasks?
• An oscillating fan blows currents of cool air across the surface of a warm body. Which heat transfer mechanism is responsible?
• Which mechanism involves transfer of heat by infrared waves from a warm surface to the surroundings without touching?
• The body gives off heat in waves from uncovered surfaces. Which heat transfer mechanism is this?
• How many nursing aims are there?
• To evaluate cognitive outcomes, which method is used?
• Which of the following is NOT an element of documentation?
• Heat loss through the evaporation of perspiration from the skin is best described as which mechanism?
• Which documentation method documents only abnormal findings?
• Which format uses a diagram to show relationships between concepts in care planning?
• What is the normal white blood cell count?
• Which historical figure is credited with establishing the first formal nurse training school and writing about nursing education?
• Which theory emphasizes caring as central to nursing across cultures?
• Which term describes the stage where the disease is fully developed with specific signs?
• Bacteria, viruses, and fungi are examples of what kind of agent?
• Which SBAR component includes the clinician's assessment and interpretation of the situation?
• Which term describes a state of being without fever?
• Which term describes a period when no breathing occurs?
• Which level of prevention begins after an illness is diagnosed and treated, with goals of reducing disability and maximizing functioning?
• Which hand hygiene moment should be performed after a body fluid exposure risk?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a factor affecting health?
• Which of the following factors is NOT listed as affecting body temperature?
• Which is the highest level in Maslow's hierarchy?
• Which of the following is considered a reservoir for microorganisms?
• Which model is associated with beliefs about susceptibility, seriousness, and benefits of action in relation to health?
• Which of the following is NOT typically included in nurse-initiated interventions?
• What term describes the recovery phase after an infection?
• Which are the purposes of a nursing physical assessment?
• Which of the following is a heat loss mechanism described in the material?
• Which of the following is one of the five moments for hand hygiene?
• Which model explains disease risk as the result of interactions among an external agent, a susceptible host, and the environment?
• What does SBAR stand for?
• Which organisms live on or in a host and rely on it for nourishment?
• In the stages of change model, which stage involves ambivalence about the need to change?
• In the doffing sequence, which item is removed last?
• FDAR documentation stands for which components?
• The number of contractions over a peripheral artery in 1 minute is called what?
• List Maslow's Hierarchy of Human Needs from lower-level to higher-level.
• Which part of patient data is used to establish a database for nursing interventions and guide care planning?
• What term describes bacteria flora found in skin creases that require friction with a brush to remove?
• Which of the following is a format of care plans?
• Which item is NOT a format of care plans?
• Which individual played a pivotal role in humanitarian aid and disaster relief in the United States?
• What term is used when outbreaks occur across multiple regions, signaling a global event?
• Which of the following is NOT one of the five core professional nursing values identified by AACN?
• In the transmission process, what describes how the infectious agent moves between hosts?
• What is controlled by respiratory centers in the medulla and pons?
• Which model depicts health as a state along a continuum with high-level wellness on one end and death on the other?
• Facilitating coping with disability or death is which nursing aim?
• Who founded the environmental theory?
• Never events are serious reportable events that should never happen to a patient. Which term describes this concept?
• Which of the following is an element of documentation?
• Which term describes information perceived only by the affected person, such as pain, dizziness, or anxiety?
• Autonomous action based on scientific rationale that a nurse executes to benefit the patient in a predictable way related to the nursing diagnosis and projected outcomes
• Which of the following is NOT an interrelated role of nurses?
• Which data pattern addresses the roles a person plays in life and relationships with others?
• Which term describes perfusion: exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between circulating blood and tissue cells?
• Counselors address behaviors such as injury prevention, addiction, and weight loss using which model with four stages?
• Which are sources of data for patient information?
• Which components are included in a SOAP note?
• What is the term for the point of escape for the organism?
• Which theory is summarized by emphasizing nursing as helping the patient achieve independence and is linked to meeting needs?
• To evaluate clinical outcomes, what approach is used?
• What are the three elements of comprehensive planning?
• Which theory posits that self-care is a human need and self-care deficits require nursing action?
• Which term is defined as the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between circulating blood and tissue cells?
• Which statement best defines deductive reasoning in nursing?
• Which term identifies what is unhealthy about the patient and/or what the patient would like to change in their health status?
• In the 16th century, who was recruited to care for the sick due to a shortage of nurses?
• The presence of specific signs and symptoms of disease occurs in which stage?
• The piece of a SOAP note that describes what the clinician intends to do next for the patient is called what?
• What mechanisms are responsible for short-term regulation of blood pressure?
• Bacterial flora attached loosely on the skin and removed with relative ease are called
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a type of nursing assessment?
• Which item is a right of delegation that ensures ongoing monitoring after task assignment?
• A formal care plan allows the nurse to
• According to which theory does patient comfort comprise relief, ease, and transcendence, and improves recovery when present?
• Which term describes eupnea: normal, unlabored respiration; one respiration to four heartbeats?
• Nursing is primarily concerned with which of the following?
• What is regulated by the autonomic nervous system through the cardiac Sinoatrial node?
• Which is a function of the ANA Scope and Standards of Practice?
• Tachypnea may occur in response to which condition?
• Which data category is included in the Body System Model?
• Which fever pattern is characterized by temperature returns to normal for one or more days with one or more episodes of fever, each as long as several days?
• Which term describes the process of performing deliberate, purposeful observations in a systematic manner?
• In the stages of change model, which stage describes the person not yet thinking about changing their behavior?
• An unexpected occurrence involving death or serious physical or psychological injury (for example wrong-site surgery; suicide while admitted in hospital) is known as a
• What does SMART stand for in goal setting?
• Which type of outcome would most directly assess whether a patient can perform daily activities independently?
• Plant-like organisms present in air, soil, and water are known as what?
• Which approach focuses on understanding patient experiences, health behaviors, or cultural impacts to describe phenomena?
• What is the normal range for blood pressure?
• Which option is a patient right to their medical information?
• Which term best describes disease prevention, reducing risk of illness, promoting good health habits, and maintaining optimal functioning?
• Who established Frontier Nursing Service?
• What term describes the natural habitat of an organism?
• Which model describes how people interact with their environment and incorporates individual characteristics and experiences to motivate health-promoting behavior?
• Which statement describes inductive reasoning?
• Regarding normal oral temperature, which statement is correct?
• Which term describes changes in breathing when sitting or standing?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a source of heat loss?
• Which actions are performed in nurse-initiated interventions?
• Which term means difficult or labored breathing?
• Sterile technique to keep an area free from microorganisms and used for procedures like inserting an indwelling catheter or IV is called
• Which outcomes focus on key factors that affect someone's ability to enjoy life and achieve personal goals?
• What is the proper sequence for donning PPE?
• Which documentation method uses Focus, Data, Action, and Response as its framework?
• Which fever pattern remains above normal with minimal variations?
• Which of the following is a characteristic of nursing assessments?
• Which section of the SOAP note contains the patient's reported symptoms and concerns?
• Which nurse was a prominent advocate for nursing education and professional rights, including advocating for self-regulation of practice?
• To evaluate affective outcomes, which approach is used?
• Which level of prevention focuses on screening for early detection of disease with prompt diagnosis and treatment of any found?
• To evaluate psychomotor outcomes, what is the preferred method?
• Which option is a format of care plans that may be implemented with digital systems?
• Treatments initiated by other providers and carried out by a nurse
• Which item is NOT listed as part of the information gathered in a nursing history?
• Which statement correctly differentiates medical asepsis from surgical asepsis?
• Which statement best describes a disease that continuously exists in a population at a relatively constant frequency?
• The stage when a person is most infectious with vague and nonspecific signs is called
• Which sequence correctly lists the five components of the nursing process in order?
• Which type of outcome describes the expected status of health issues at points in time after treatment is complete, including whether problems are resolved or the degree of improvement?
• Which theory focuses on meeting the personal needs of the patient within the environment, including cleanliness, ventilation, temperature, light, diet, and noise?
• Which stage involves publicly beginning to implement the plan and begin to achieve success?
• Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate indicates
• What is the correct formulation of a nursing diagnosis?
• Which term describes the act of striking one object against another to produce sound?
• What is the most powerful respiratory stimulant?
• What term identifies the portal through which an organism enters a host?
• Who is recognized as the first American trained nurse?
• Which statement best describes descriptive nursing theory?
• Which statement about documentation timing is true?
• Which of the following best describes confidentiality in documentation?
• Which standards must nurses follow when identifying outcomes and planning patient care?
• Which fever pattern never returns to normal and fluctuates a few degrees up and down?
• Which framework lists the competencies including patient-centered care, teamwork and collaboration, quality improvement, safety, and informatics?
• Which term describes fever that persists with little variation?
• Which component identifies factors maintaining the unhealthy state; 'related to...' ?
• What is the term for the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure?
• Which model views health as a constantly changing state with wellness and death on opposite ends of a continuum?
• Global outbreaks of a new or not previously identified virus are called
• Which term describes the act of breathing normally and without effort?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a factor affecting health?
• The belief that good spirits bring health and evil spirits cause illness is known as which concept?
• Which practice best illustrates evidence-based nursing practice?
• Which aspect of patient data focuses on social and psychological factors?
• Which of the following is one of the four nursing aims?
• Which category is most significant and prevalent in hospital settings?
• Which term describes the act of listening with a stethoscope to sounds produced within the body?
• Clean technique to reduce the number of pathogens, including hand hygiene and wearing gloves is called
• Which nurse campaigned for legislation to allow nurses to control their own practice?
• Which type of outcome describes changes in patient values, beliefs, and attitudes?
• Nurse Practice Acts were developed as a guide for carrying out nursing responsibilities in a manner consistent with what?
• Who founded the American Red Cross?
• Which term describes ventilation: movement of air in and out of the lungs?
• What is the final step when outcomes are not met after assessing a change?
• What is the primary source of heat in the human body?
• What is the normal pulse rate range in adults (beats per minute)?
• When are verbal orders acceptable?
• Which model, created by Prochaska and DiClemente, has four stages and is used in counseling related to behavior change?
• What is the proper sequence for removing PPE?
• Which stage is defined as the decision to move forward and preparation ensures a commitment to action?
• Which component is included in standard precautions?
• Which outcome describes the person's ability to function in relation to the desired usual activities?
• Which theory posits caring as the central theme of nursing care, knowledge, and practice?
• Under HIPAA, which option describes a correct patient right to limit how information is used or disclosed?
• Vital signs should be assessed at which of the following times?
• Which statement best describes the Code of Ethics in nursing?
• Nursing is described as a therapeutic, interpersonal, and goal-oriented process in which theory?
• Which term describes an increased respiratory rate?
• Which is a patient variable influencing outcome achievement?
• What is the normal range for oral temperature in Celsius?
• Actions initiated by a physician in response to a medical diagnosis but carried out by a nurse under doctor's orders
• Which theory is primarily concerned with the patient's environment and was founded by Florence Nightingale?
• What is the central focus of all definitions of nursing?
• Identifying, analyzing, and maximizing each patient's own strengths as part of preventing illness, restoring health, and facilitating coping best describes which nursing focus?
• Which term describes the identification of diseases and problems for which the physical or advanced practice nurses direct the primary treatment, remaining the same for as long as the disease is present?
• Which term describes a decreased respiratory rate in some pathologic conditions?
• Which nurse led the effort to improve maternal and child health and contributed to rural health services in America?
• Which of the following is a fundamental barrier that reduces infection risk?
• Describes increases in patient knowledge of intellectual behaviors?
• Which of the following lists includes potential reservoirs for microorganisms?
• Which data pattern captures how individuals cope with stress and tolerate pressure?
• Which statement best describes the aims of nursing research as reflected in the material?
• Which is the first step of the nursing process?
• Who is considered the founder of public health nursing?
• Which step follows discovering a problem in the performance-improvement sequence?
• Who is known as founder of Planned Parenthood?
• The Health Promotion Model is associated with which researcher?
• Which term refers to all activities to prevent infection or break the chain of infection?
• Which is a patient variable influencing outcome achievement?
• Which of the following represents PPE for contact precautions?
• From which Latin word did the term nursing originate?
• Which of the following is a data category in Gordon's Functional Health Patterns model?
• Which of the following is included as an interrelated role of nurses?
• Which term is used for fever patterns with alternating fever and normal temperatures?
• What PPE is mandatory for droplet precautions?
• In Gordon's Functional Health Patterns, which data category concerns a person's subjective assessment of their own health status and well-being?
• What describes the point at which organisms enter a new host?
• Which component of SMART goals ensures a defined timeframe?
• Which of the following is NOT one of the five rights of delegation?
• Which of the following is NOT a HIPAA patient right?
• In the SBAR framework, which component provides recommended actions?
• Which term describes direct contact, indirect contact, or airborne routes?
• The statement 'the patient is a person who requires help to reach independence' aligns with which theory?
• How many national standards of practice and performance are defined by the ANA Scope and Standards of Practice?
• What PPE is mandatory for airborne precautions?
• Which mechanism describes heat transfer via circulating air or fluids around the body?
• Organisms growing and multiplying describes which concept?
• Inserting an indwelling urinary catheter or IV requires which type of aseptic technique?
• Which of the following is a factor affecting infection risk?
• Which entity is created by Nurse Practice Acts to regulate nursing?
• Which type of nursing assessment is typically performed when immediate danger is present?
• Which outcome category focuses on a patient’s overall sense of well-being and life satisfaction beyond strictly health status?
• Which of the following is an example of a never event?
• A living creature that transmits an infectious agent to a human is called
• Which term means fever?
• Which collection of portals of exit is correct?
• Protective eyewear is included as PPE in which precautions?
• Which data category is included in the Body System Model?
• What is the normal range for oral temperature in Fahrenheit?
• Which statement matches the idea that self-care deficits require nursing action?
• What term refers to a clinical judgment about individual, family, or community responses to actual or potential health problems or life processes?
• Which of the following is a core professional nursing value?
• Which statement best describes the right supervision/evaluation in delegation?
• Which term describes fever patterns with fluctuations that do not normalize and remain elevated?
• Which of the following is NOT a QSEN competency?
• In infection control, which term refers to the place where an infectious agent is carried or multiplied before transmission?
• What is the normal respiration rate range (breaths per minute)?
• Which technique uses the sense of touch to assess skin temperature, turgor, texture, and moisture, as well as vibrations within the body?
• A disease that occurs with predictability in one specific region or population is termed
• Which term describes an inanimate object that transmits infection?
• Which combination correctly matches a founder with her contribution: Margaret Sanger — Planned Parenthood?
• Which nurse is closely associated with health care reform and urban public health nursing?
• Which of the following is NOT a blended competency of nursing?
• An inanimate object capable of transmitting an infectious agent is called
• Which item is donned first in the proper PPE sequence?
• Which step initiates the process of improving performance?
• Using invasive or indwelling medical devices is a factor that
• Which process is described as heat loss through vaporization of water from the skin?